拡大ランチセミナー:「 Energy Justice Index 」 （6月11日　Caterina De Lucia 氏）

This study contributes to the international debate on energy justice (EJ) by developing a new energy justice index (EJI) using an entropy-based method aligned with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 (equitable clean energy access), 10 (reduced inequalities), and 13 (climate action), thereby extending the work of Sovacool and Dworkin (2015). The study applies the resulting index, together with other socio-economic variables such as technological innovation (TI), total natural resource rents (TNR), exports (EXP), globalization (GLO), and financial development (FD), to examine their impacts on CO2 emissions across 95 economies classified into high-income (HICs), upper-middle-income (UMICs), lower-middle-income (Lower-MICs), and low-income countries (LICs) over the period 1996–2021.

The main findings from the Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR) indicate that EJI and TI significantly reduce CO2 emissions in HICs and UMICs across all quantiles. In contrast, TNR positively affects CO2 emissions in UMICs and Lower-MICs, confirming the existence of the “resource curse hypothesis” in these country groups. The study therefore recommends ad hoc policy measures that incorporate top-down regulations, market-based instruments, and bottom-up perspectives, tailored to the specific economic conditions and trends at both the country and country-group levels, in order to achieve carbon neutrality goals.