Event Report: Symposium“AI and Financial Law from the Perspectives of Uzbekistan and Japan” was held on November 15, 2025 (Sat)

◆AI and Financial Law from the Perspectives of Uzbekistan and Japan◆

【Host】 Institute of Comparative Law, Waseda University
【Co-host】The Japanese Association of International Business Law, International Contract Law Subcommittee
【Date and Time】November 15, 2025 (Sat) 14:00 ~ 16:30
【Venue】Zoom

【Lecturer】

(1) Said Gulyamov (Professor, Tashkent State University of Law) (Uzbekistan)
(2) Naeem AllahRakha (Associate Professor, Tashkent State University of Law) (Uzbekistan)
(3) Gayrat Eshbaev(Lecturer, Tashkent State University of Law) (Uzbeksitan)
(4) Mardonov Amirjon/ Temurbek Pulatov (Lecturer, Tashkent State University of Law) (Uzbekistan)
(5) Botir Dosov (Visiting Scholar, UC Davis) (Uzbekistan)
(6) Satoru Yamadera (Specially Appointed Professor, Saitama University) (Japan)
(7) Kazushi Yamamoto (Professor, Tashkent State University of Law)（Japan）
(8) Takashi Kubota (Professor, Waseda University) (Japan)

【Language】English
*Interpretation is NOT available

【Organizer】Takashi Kubota（ICL Research Staff、Professor, Waseda University）
Everyone is welcome to attend free of charge.

【Number of Participants】17  (7 graduate and undergraduate students)

The symposium began with opening remarks from the moderator, followed by presentations. Four speakers from Uzbekistan and three from Japan took the stage, delving into various aspects of the issue of artificial intelligence (AI), including cybersecurity challenges, digital democracy, and financial regulation. They covered the impact of AI on society, the legal framework for AI governance, and philosophical considerations regarding AI and human identity. During the Q&A session, various questions were posed to the experts from Uzbekistan by a Japanese graduate student (M1, Mr. Den) and an expert from Japan (Professor Yamadera, Saitama University). The presenters emphasized the need for a balanced approach in AI development and highlighted the importance of addressing both benefits and risks while ensuring effective regulation and the protection of fundamental rights.

Associate Professor AllahRakha made a presentation about cybersecurity and privacy challenges in the AI era. He emphasized that AI-enabled cybercrime (deepfakes, adaptive phishing, AI-powered ransomware, etc.) demands a restructuring of the regulatory environment. He pointed out cross-border regulatory inconsistencies, unclear accountability, and a lack of AI literacy among legal professionals. He argued for the needs of legal reforms, such as a clear definition of AI autonomy, and the necessity of international cooperation.

Lecturer Eshbaev dealt with the issue of digital democracy. He highlighted various threats such as fake news, filter bubbles, echo chambers, and hate speech, alongside digital surveillance issues exemplified by the Snowden and Cambridge Analytica incidents. He emphasized transparent political communication, enhanced privacy protections, media literacy, and regulatory measures that balance freedom of expression with countermeasures against harmful digital practices.

Lecturer Pulatov (Lecturer Amirjon was absent due to illness) made a presentation about the challenges of AI in financial regulation, emphasizing that the evolution of AI technology is outpacing the adaptability of regulatory frameworks. He highlighted differences among countries through the international comparative studies, including Europe’s strict risk-based regulation, the United States’ sector-specific regulation, and Uzbekistan’s innovation-focused model. He also stressed the necessity of ethics education, international cooperation, and independent audit systems to ensure responsible AI development and regulation.

Researcher Dosov dealt with the issue of the paradox between AI and human ethics, questioning how frameworks humans constructed for human behavior can be applied to AI, lacking human identity. He also developed the discussion about the importance of reexamining the role and premises of philosophy in defining scientific inquiry, using geometry as an example. Reflecting on humanity’s quest to understand and replicate intelligence, from ancient myths to modern AI, he emphasized the necessity of re-examining the very essence of intelligence.

Professor Gulyamov (participated via Zoom) conducted a comprehensive analysis of Uzbekistan’s AI governance framework, revealing a significant gap between constitutional principles and the reality of current regulations. He identified key deficiencies, including the absence of AI-specific legislation and inadequate accountability mechanisms, and proposed legislative reform and strengthened personal data protection.

Professor Yamadera, Professor Yamamoto, and Professor Kubota provided comments on the key points of the presentations, future research topics, and the situation in Japan. In addition, English and Japanese papers related to the presentations were distributed to participants via Zoom chat.

（Text： Takashi Kubota, ICL Research Staff）