• Bolin Cao, Chuanqin Wen, Sebastian Scherr, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Li Crystal JiangThe Dual Role of Individualism in AI Chatbot Disclosure: How Privacy Concerns, Culture, and Behavior Shape Human–AI Communication Across Mainland China, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, and the U.S.

Bolin Cao, Chuanqin Wen, Sebastian Scherr, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Li Crystal Jiang

The Dual Role of Individualism in AI Chatbot Disclosure: How Privacy Concerns, Culture, and Behavior Shape Human–AI Communication Across Mainland China, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, and the U.S.

Bolin Cao, Chuanqin Wen, Sebastian Scherr, <strong>Tetsuro Kobayashi</strong>, Li Crystal Jiang<br><br><strong><strong>The Dual Role of Individualism in AI Chatbot Disclosure: How Privacy Concerns, Culture, and Behavior Shape Human–AI Communication Across Mainland China, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, and the U.S.
Posted
Thu, 29 Oct 2026

Bolin Cao, Chuanqin Wen, Sebastian Scherr, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Li Crystal Jiang (May 2026), The Dual Role of Individualism in AI Chatbot Disclosure: How Privacy Concerns, Culture, and Behavior Shape Human–AI Communication Across Mainland China, Germany, Japan, Hong Kong, and the US. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 1-19.

解説/Abstract
AIチャットボットが身近になるにつれ、人々はAIに自分の情報や考え、感情を伝える機会が増えています。一方、プライバシーへの懸念もあります。本研究では、中国本土、ドイツ、香港、日本、アメリカの利用者5,096人を調査し、AIに自分のことを話すことと、プライバシーへの懸念や個人主義との関係を調べました。その結果、中国本土と香港では多く話す傾向がみられ、ドイツでは最も少なく、日本とアメリカはその中間でした。また、プライバシーへの懸念が強くても、単純に話す量が減るわけではなく、正直さが低く、肯定的な内容が少なくなる傾向がみられました。さらに、個人主義的な考え方が強い人ほどAIに多く話す一方、プライバシーを気にする場合には正直さが低くなる傾向がより強くみられました。これに対し、個人主義の強い文化ではAIに話す量は少ないものの、プライバシーへの懸念の影響は比較的弱いことが示されました。これらの結果は、AIとのやり取りにおけるプライバシーと自己開示の関係が、人や社会によって異なることを示しています。

As AI chatbots become more common, people increasingly share information, thoughts, and feelings with them. But it also raises concerns about privacy. This study surveyed 5,096 chatbot users in Mainland China, Germany, Hong Kong, Japan, and the United States to examine how people talk about themselves to AI, and how privacy concerns and individualism are related to that behavior. The results show that people in Mainland China and Hong Kong generally shared more about themselves, while Germany reported the least. Japan and the United States were in between. Also, privacy concerns did not simply make people share less. Stronger concerns were linked to being less honest and sharing less positive content, but not to sharing less information. Moreover, people with more individualistic attitudes tended to share more, but privacy concerns were more strongly linked to lower honesty among them. In more individualistic cultures, people shared less overall, but privacy concerns had a weaker link with reduced sharing. These findings suggest that privacy behavior with AI differs across people and societies.