総合人文科学研究センター「行動・社会・文化に関する多角的アプローチ」部門主催
2014年度第3回勉強会
- 日時
2014年11月27日（木）13:00－16:00 - 場所
早稲田大学文学学術院(戸山キャンパス)33号館3階第1会議室 - 司会
日野泰志(早稲田大学文学学術院)
研究発表
1. Dr. Elvyra Rombs Soroczan(Waseda Institute for Advanced Study)‘Flourishing’ in Japanese universities: An overview of ongoing research and teaching at Waseda
This presentation aims to introduce institute members to my ongoing research and teachingprojects at the WasedaInstitute for Advanced Study (WIAS).The presentation is divided intotwo parts. Part I will introduce my current research. The project focuses on the concept of‘human flourishing’ as it is understood and practiced in the context of the Japanese universityclassroom. Human flourishing may be loosely defined as a state or process of complexwellbeing, encompassing elements of happiness, health, and realization of higher potentials, ateither an individual or collective level. Following this, Part II of thepresentation aims to provideinstitute members with information on a series of courses that will be available to Wasedastudents in the areas of Positive Psychology, Positive Education, and Human Flourishing in2015. The presentation will conclude with anopen invitation to institute members to becomeinvolved in both the research and teaching projects, by participating as research collaborators orparticipants, and by encouraging any interested students to participate also.
2. Dr. Manabu Arai (Department of Language and Information Scieces, Tokyo University)Prediction in incremental sentence processing of English and Japanese
It is widely accepted that we analyze sentence structure in an incremental and probabilistic manner during comprehension (MacDonald et al., 1994). This is illustrated by the processing models that assume dynamical, interactive, processes such that comprehenders calculate, and continuously update, probabilities for multiple structural options at each input using the aggregation of information from various sources received so far. In particular, the surprisal theory incorporates the mechanism of estimating word-by-word probabilities of upcoming input and the amount of processing cost at the input (Hale, 2001; Levy, 2008). There is accumulating empirical evidence which demonstrated that comprehenders make predictions about upcoming input based on estimated probabilities. My talk focuses on this predictive process in sentence comprehension. I will introduce my studies with an eye-tracking methodology on the comprehension of head-initial English as well as head-final Japanese sentences. I will discuss the implications of the results in terms of a language universal mechanism of incremental and probabilistic sentence processing.
2014年度の第3回「行動・社会・文化に関する多角的アプローチ」部門主催勉強会は，高等研究所のElvyra Soroczan先生と東京大学の新井学先生に研究発表をお願いしました。お二人には，英語による研究発表をお願いしてあります。皆様のご参加をお待ちしております。
「行動・社会・文化に関する多角的アプローチ」部門代表者：日野泰志
連絡先：日野泰志([email protected])
