\u3088\u304f\u3001\u300c\u54f2\u5b66\u306f\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u6839\u672c\u3060\u300d\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3002 \u7121\u8ad6\u3001\u4eca\u65e5\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5b66\u554f\u304c\u500b\u3005\u306e\u8af8\u5b66\u554f\u306b\u5206\u304b\u308c\u308b\u4ee5\u524d\u306f\u3001\u5b66\u554f\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u54f2\u5b66\u3092\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3068\u540c\u3058\u610f\u5473\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u767a\u751f\u7684\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u304c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u6839\u672c\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4e8b\u5b9f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u304c\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u6839\u672c\u3068\u547c\u3079\u308b\u672c\u6e90\u7684\u306a\u7406\u7531\u306f\u5225\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002 \u305d\u308c\u306f\u54f2\u5b66\u304c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u500b\u3005\u306e\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u571f\u53f0\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3084\u524d\u63d0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u7591\u554f\u3092\u63d0\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u7684\u306b\u6271\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u8d77\u56e0\u3059\u308b\u3002\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u6319\u3052\u3066\u307f\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u300c\u79d1\u5b66\u300d\u306f\uff08\u305d\u308c\u304c\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u3042\u308c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u3042\u308c\uff09\u3053\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u201c\u8aac\u660e\u201d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u76ee\u6307\u3059\u3002 \u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u3082\u3057\u8ab0\u304b\u304c\u3053\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u8d77\u304d\u308b\u3001\u3042\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u8c61\u3092\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u300d\u81ea\u4f53\u304c\u4f55\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7591\u554f\u3092\u63d0\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\uff08\u82b8\u8853\u4f5c\u54c1\u3092\u898b\u3066\u611f\u3058\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u4e3b\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u611f\u60c5\u3068\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308a\uff09\u300c\u5ba2\u89b3\u6027\u300d\u3092\u78ba\u4fdd\u3067\u304d\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u79d1\u5b66\u54f2\u5b66(philosophy of science)\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u4e00\u4f8b\u3092\u6319\u3052\u3088\u3046\u3002 \u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u9ad8\u6821\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u306e\u6388\u696d\u3067\u3001\u7269\u8cea\u306e\u6839\u672c\u5358\u4f4d\u306f\u300c\u539f\u5b50(atom)\u300d\u3068\u5b66\u3093\u3067\u304d\u305f\u3002 \u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u7269\u8cea\u306f\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306e\u8089\u773c\u3067\u201c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u89b3\u5bdf\u201d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002\u305f\u3060\u3001\u96fb\u5b50\u9855\u5fae\u93e1\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u305d\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u305f\u3060\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u985e\u63a8\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3060\u3002 \u305d\u308c\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u539f\u5b50\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306f\u305f\u3060\u3001\u3042\u308b\u4e8b\u614b\u3092\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u4eee\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30d5\u30a3\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u904e\u304e\u306a\u3044\u306e\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002\u3082\u3057\u3001\u8ab0\u304b\u304c\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u60a9\u307f\u59cb\u3081\u305f\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4eba\u306f\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u524d\u63d0\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u800c(\u3051\u3044\u3058)\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u8ad6\u7684\u554f\u984c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u60a9\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3068\u898b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u305d\u308c\u306a\u3089\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u307f\u3088\u3046\u3002 \u3068\u3053\u308d\u304c\u3001\u5148\u306b\u8ff0\u3079\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u8089\u773c\u3067\u89b3\u5bdf\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u3089\u3070\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3092\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3084\u3063\u3066\u77e5\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002 \u96fb\u5b50\u9855\u5fae\u93e1\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u9593\u63a5\u7684\u306b\u539f\u5b50\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u3092\u985e\u63a8\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3001\u79c1\u305f\u3061\u306f\u539f\u5b50\u304c\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u672c\u5f53\u306b”\u5206\u304b\u308b”\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7591\u554f\u306f\u3001\u539f\u5b50\u3088\u308a\u3082\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u96fb\u5b50\u3084\u5fae\u7c92\u5b50\u306e\u5b58\u5728\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3082\u63d0\u8d77\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002 \u3082\u3057\u8ab0\u304b\u304c\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u554f\u984c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u60a9\u307f\u59cb\u3081\u305f\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u4eba\u306f\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u60f3\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u5bfe\u8c61\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u306b\u60a9\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u4f3c\u305f\u7591\u554f\u3092\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u3082\u9069\u7528\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002 \u4e00\u793e\u4f1a\u3092\u69cb\u6210\u3059\u308b\u6839\u672c\u5358\u4f4d\u306f\u500b\u4eba\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3068\u3082\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002 \u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u306b\u3042\u305f\u3063\u3066\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u3068\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u300c\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068(explanans)\u300d\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u300c\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068(explanandum)\u300d\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u3060\u308d\u3046\u304b\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u6210\u5358\u4f4d\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5358\u4f4d\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5f62\u800c\u4e0a\u5b66\u7684\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u8ad6\u7684\u8cea\u554f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3088\u304f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306f\u300c\u500b\u4eba\u300d\u3068\u7b54\u3048\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306f\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u69cb\u9020\u300d\u3068\u7b54\u3048\u308b\u3002 \u793e\u4f1a\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u6210\u5358\u4f4d\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5358\u4f4d\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5b58\u5728\u8ad6\u7684\u7acb\u5834\u306e\u76f8\u9055\u306f\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u4f55\u304c\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u300c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u300d\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u308b\u3002 \u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u884c\u52d5\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u300c\u69cb\u9020\u4e3b\u7fa9(structuralism)\u300d\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u65b9\u5f0f\u306b\u5f93\u3044\u3001\u7d4c\u6e08\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u30df\u30af\u30ed\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u70b9\u3067\u5404\u500b\u4eba\u306e\u500b\u5225\u7684\u9078\u597d(preference)\u304c\u96c6\u307e\u3063\u3066\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u306a\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u73fe\u8c61\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3059\u308b\u300c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u4e3b\u7fa9(methodological individualism)\u300d\u7684\u8aac\u660e\u65b9\u5f0f\u306b\u5f93\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u306e\u6301\u3064\u9577\u6240\uff0d\u77ed\u6240\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3001\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u304c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u89b3\u70b9\u304b\u3089\u6700\u3082\u59a5\u5f53\u304b\u3092\u554f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u306f\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u307e\u3055\u306b\u300c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u54f2\u5b66(philosophy of social science)\u300d\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u500b\u5225\u79d1\u5b66\u304c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u3001\u5b66\u554f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7591\u554f\u3092\u63d0\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u7684\u306b\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u70b9\u3067\u5168\u3066\u306e\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u6839\u672c\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3002 \u7c21\u5358\u306b\u8a00\u3046\u3068\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u306f\u300c\u5b66\u554f\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u5b66\u554f\u300d\u3060\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u5143\u306b\u3001\u79c1\u306f\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u306b\u54f2\u5b66\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u601d\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u54f2\u5b66\u3068\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u500b\u5225\u5b66\u554f\u304c\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306b\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6839\u672c\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3001\u524d\u63d0\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8a8d\u8b58\u8ad6\u7684\u3001\u5b58\u5728\u8ad6\u7684\u3001\u4fa1\u5024\u8ad6\u7684\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3092\u63d0\u8d77\u3057\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u8a00\u8a9e\u5206\u6790\u3068\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u5206\u6790\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u554f\u984c\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u6c7a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u52aa\u3081\u308b\u5b66\u554f\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3001\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n
\ud754\ud788\ub4e4, \u201c\ucca0\ud559\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud559\ubb38\uc758 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc774\ub2e4\u201d\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb3c\ub860, \uc624\ub298\ub0a0\ucc98\ub7fc \ud559\ubb38\uc774 \uac1c\uac1c\uc758 \ubd84\uacfc \ud559\ubb38\ub4e4\ub85c \ub098\ub258\uc5b4\uc9c0\uae30 \uc774\uc804\uc5d0\ub294 \ud559\ubb38\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ucca0\ud559\uc744 \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uc9c0\ub154\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uae30\uc6d0 \ud639\uc740 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc801 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ucca0\ud559\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud559\ubb38\uc758 \ubfcc\ub9ac\uc778 \uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc5ed\uc0ac\uc801 \uae30\uc6d0 \ud639\uc740 \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc801 \uae30\uc6d0\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4\uc11c, \ucca0\ud559\uc774 \ud559\ubb38\uc758 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ubd80\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \ub530\ub85c \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ucca0\ud559\uc774 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4 \ud559\ubb38\ub4e4\uc774 \ud1a0\ub300\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uac1c\ub150\ub4e4\uc774\ub098 \uc804\uc81c \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc758\ubb38\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uace0 \uadf8\uac83\ub4e4\uc744 \uc8fc\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub8ec\ub2e4\ub294 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc5d0 \uae30\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacfc\ud559\uc740 (\uadf8\uac83\uc774 \uc790\uc5f0\uacfc\ud559\uc774\ub4e0 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc774\ub4e0) \uc774 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ud0dc\ub97c \u201c\uc124\uba85\u201d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ubaa9\ud45c\ub85c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \ub9cc\uc57d \ub204\uad70\uac00\uac00 \uc774 \uc138\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\ub294 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud0dc\ub97c \uacfc\ud559\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub824\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \u201c\uacfc\ud559\uc801 \uc124\uba85\u201d\uc774\ub780 \uac83 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc758\ubb38\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uace0 \uacfc\ud559\uc801 \uc774\ub860\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c (\uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc608\uc220 \uc791\ud488\uc744 \ubcf4\uba74\uc11c \ub290\ub07c\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uc8fc\uad00\uc801\uc778 \uac10\uc815\uacfc\ub294 \ub2ec\ub9ac) \u201c\uac1d\uad00\uc131\u201d\uc744 \ud655\ubcf4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \ubc1d\ud788\uace0\uc790 \ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uacfc\ud559\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \u201c\uacfc\ud559\ucca0\ud559(philosophy of science)\u201d\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc790\uc5f0\uacfc\ud559\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\ub97c \ub354 \ub4e4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uace0\ub4f1\ud559\uad50 \ud654\ud559 \uc2dc\uac04\uc5d0 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uadfc\ubcf8 \ub2e8\uc704\ub294 \u201c\uc6d0\uc790(atom)\u201d\ub77c\uace0 \ubc30\uc6cc\uc654\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc6d0\uc790\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uc791\uc740 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \uc721\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \u201c\uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ucc30\u201d\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4; \uc624\uc9c1 \uc804\uc790 \ud604\ubbf8\uacbd\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uadf8 \uc874\uc7ac\ub97c \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\ucd94\ud574 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \ubfd0\uc774\uc9c0\uc694. \uadf8\ub807\ub2e4\uba74, \u201c\uc6d0\uc790\u201d\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc77c\uae4c\uc694, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74, \uadf8\uac83\uc740 \ub2e8\uc9c0 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ud0dc\ub97c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc774\ub860\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc815\ub41c \ud5c8\uad6c\uc77c \ubfd0\uc77c\uae4c\uc694? \ub9cc\uc57d \ub204\uad70\uac00 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uace0\ubbfc\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadf8\ub294 \uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc804\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \ub300\uc0c1\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud615\uc774\uc0c1\ud559\uc801 \ud639\uc740 \uc874\uc7ac\ub860\uc801 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uace0\ubbfc\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uadf8\ub807\ub2e4\uba74, \uc6d0\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574 \ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7f0\ub370 \uc55e\uc11c \uc5b8\uae09\ud55c \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc, \uc6d0\uc790\ub97c \uc9c1\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc721\uc548\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ucc30\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubd88\uac00\ub2a5\ud558\ub2e4\uba74, \uc6d0\uc790\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uacfc\uc5f0 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c\uc694? \uc804\uc790 \ud604\ubbf8\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uac04\uc811\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc6d0\uc790\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\ub97c \uc720\ucd94\ud558\ub294 \uac83\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc6d0\uc790\uac00 \uc874\uc7ac\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc815\ub9d0\ub85c \u201c\uc548\ub2e4\u201d\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744\uae4c\uc694? \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c8\ubb38\uc740 \uc6d0\uc790\ubcf4\ub2e4\ub3c4 \ub354 \uc791\uc740 \uc804\uc790\ub098 \ubbf8\ub9bd\uc790 \uc18c\ub9bd\uc790\uc758 \uc874\uc7ac\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc81c\uae30\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \ub204\uad70\uac00 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uace0\ubbfc\uc744 \ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uadf8 \uc0ac\ub78c\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\ub860\uc801 \ub300\uc0c1\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \u2018\uc778\uc2dd\ub860\uc801 \uace0\ubbfc\u2019\uc744 \ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc774\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \uc9c8\ubb38\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559 \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc801\uc6a9\uc2dc\ud0ac \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud55c \uc0ac\ud68c\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\ub2e8\uc704\ub294 \uac1c\uc778\uc77c\uae4c\uc694, \uc544\ub2c8\uba74 \uc0ac\ud68c\uad6c\uc870\uc77c\uae4c\uc694? \ud639\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294\ub370 \uc788\uc5b4\uc11c, \uc0ac\ud68c\uc640 \uac1c\uc778 \uc911\uc5d0 \u201c\uc124\uba85\ud558\ub294 \uac83(explanans)\u201d\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774\uace0, \u201c\uc124\uba85\ub418\ub294 \uac83(explanandum)\u201d\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc77c\uae4c\uc694? \uc774\uac83\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uad6c\uc131\ub2e8\uc704 \ud639\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc801 \uc124\uba85\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\ub2e8\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud615\uc774\uc0c1\ud559\uc801 \ud639\uc740 \uc874\uc7ac\ub860\uc801 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ud754\ud788, \uc774 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574, \uacbd\uc81c\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \u201c\uac1c\uc778\u201d\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ub300\ub2f5\uc744 \ud558\uace0, \uc0ac\ud68c\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \u201c\uc0ac\ud68c\uad6c\uc870\u201d\ub77c\uace0 \ub300\ub2f5\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ud68c\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uad6c\uc131\ub2e8\uc704 \ud639\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc801 \uc124\uba85\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\ub2e8\uc704\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc874\uc7ac\ub860\uc801 \uc785\uc7a5 \ucc28\uc774\ub294 \uace7 \ubc14\ub85c \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774 \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc801 \uc124\uba85\ubc29\uc2dd\uc778\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \u201c\ubc29\ubc95\ub860\u201d\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\ud68c\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \uad6c\uc870\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud55c \uac1c\uc778\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uc9c0\ub97c \ubc1d\ud788\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \u201c\uad6c\uc870\uc8fc\uc758(structuralism)\u201d\uc801 \uc124\uba85\ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uace0, \uacbd\uc81c\ud559\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \ubbf8\uc2dc\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01 \uac1c\uc778\ub4e4\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4\uc801 \uc120\ud638(preference)\ub4e4\uc774 \ubaa8\uc5ec\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc9d1\ud569\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\ud68c\uc801 \ud604\uc0c1\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc1d\ud788\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \u201c\ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc801 \uac1c\uc778\uc8fc\uc758(methodological individualism)\u201d\uc801 \uc124\uba85\ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc801 \ubc29\ubc95\ub860\ub4e4\uc774 \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \uc7a5-\ub2e8\uc810\uc740 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774\uace0, \uc5b4\ub5a0\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc774 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc801\uc778 \uad00\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud55c\uc9c0\ub97c \ub530\uc9c0\ub294 \uc791\uc5c5\uc740 \uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \ubc14\ub85c \u201c\uc0ac\ud68c\uacfc\ud559\uc758 \ucca0\ud559(philosophy of social science)\u201d\uc774 \ud589\ud558\ub294 \ubaab\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc774\ucc98\ub7fc, \ucca0\ud559\uc740 \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4 \uacfc\ud559\ub4e4\uc774 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uac1c\ub150\ub4e4, \uc804\uc81c\ub4e4, \ud559\ubb38\uc801 \ubc29\ubc95\ub860 \u201c\uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\u201d\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc758\ubb38\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uace0 \uadf8\uac83\ub4e4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc8fc\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud559\ubb38\uc758 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\uc27d\uac8c \ub9d0\ud574\uc11c, \ucca0\ud559\uc740 \u201c\ud559\ubb38\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ud559\ubb38\u201d\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.)<\/p>\n
\uc774\uac83\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c, \uc800\ub294 \uac1c\uc778\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucca0\ud559\uc744 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc815\uc758 \ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\ucca0\ud559\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub098\uc758 \uc815\uc758: \ucca0\ud559\uc774\ub780, \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uac1c\ubcc4 \ud559\ubb38\ub4e4\uc774 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uadfc\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uac1c\ub150, \uc815\uc758, \uc804\uc81c, \ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \uc778\uc2dd\ub860\uc801, \uc874\uc7ac\ub860\uc801, \uac00\uce58\ub860\uc801, \ub17c\ub9ac\uc801 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc81c\uae30\ud558\uace0, \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\ubd84\uc11d\uacfc \ub17c\ub9ac\uc801 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uadf8\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc744 \uccb4\uacc4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub825\ud558\ub294 \ud559\ubb38\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uff08C\uff09<\/p>\n
\u7b2c1078\u56de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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