{"id":1442,"date":"2023-08-28T08:45:36","date_gmt":"2023-08-27T23:45:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/?p=1442"},"modified":"2023-08-28T08:49:16","modified_gmt":"2023-08-27T23:49:16","slug":"%e3%81%9f%e3%82%93%e3%81%b1%e3%81%8f%e8%b3%aa%e6%91%82%e5%8f%96%e3%81%a8%e7%ad%8b%e5%8a%9b%e3%83%88%e3%83%ac%e3%83%bc%e3%83%8b%e3%83%b3%e3%82%b0%e3%81%ab%e3%82%88%e3%82%8b%e7%ad%8b%e5%8a%9b%e3%80%80-4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/news\/2023\/08\/28\/1442\/","title":{"rendered":"A novel method intersecting three\u2011dimensional motion capture and medial elbow strength dynamometry to assess elbow injury risk in baseball pitchers"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abstract<\/strong><\/h3>\n

In baseball pitching, resultant elbow varus torque reaches the peak value of 50\u2013120 Nm, exceeding the joint failure limit that risks damage to the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). In-vivo methodology is lacking to assess whether pitchers have sufficient muscular strength to shield UCL and how strongly the elbow musculature must contract to minimize valgus loading on UCL. This study introduces a method to assess relative percentages of muscular varus strength required to unload the UCL.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Research Background<\/strong><\/p>\n

The medial aspect of elbow joint is one of the most common sites of overuse injuries to baseball pitchers. The mechanism of medial elbow injury is centered on the UCL\u2019s inability to withstand repeated valgus loading which opens the inner elbow compartment and causes elongation of the ligament that overtime can lead to attenuation and failure. Cadaveric studies have indicated that contractile forces of the muscles surrounding the medial aspect of elbow joint could produce a torque that counteracts the valgus loading to reduce the stress on the UCL. It is not yet known whether baseball pitchers\u2019 elbow musculature is strong enough to eliminate valgus loading on the UCL and how strongly the musculature must contract to eliminate valgus loading on UCL or to reduce the loading to fall within the safe range.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Findings<\/strong><\/p>\n

The present method successfully assessed if baseball pitchers have sufficient muscular varus strength to withstand the valgus loading and how strongly the elbow musculature must contract to reduce the loading on the UCL to fall within safe range. For two model participants (post-operative professional baseball pitchers), the maximum resultant varus torque in pitching was found to range 72\u201397% of their respective maximum voluntary isometric varus strength (MVIVS) depending on the type of pitch. The elbow musculature had to produce 21\u201349%MVIVS to avoid acute failure of intact UCL whereas the corresponding requirements were 39\u201363%MVIVS for UCL reconstructed joint.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Development Method<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u3000An in-vivo method for measuring MVIVS.
\n2.\u3000A simulation model to determine the relative percentages of MVIVS required to unload the UCL to varying degrees.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Future issues<\/strong><\/p>\n

The methodological procedure presented in this study is generalizable whereas the quantitative data are not. Therefore, the discussion of the quantitative results should remain descriptive in nature although the outcomes of the extended theoretical analysis provide unique clinical implications beyond the cases. The quantitative findings need to be validated by future studies using large samples.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Researcher’s Comments<\/strong><\/p>\n

The method offers new insight into baseball pitcher\u2019s training\/rehabilitation and physical assessment to reduce the risk of UCL injury.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Journal Information<\/strong><\/p>\n

Journal\uff1a<\/strong>Scientific reports
\nTitle of original paper\uff1a<\/strong>A novel method intersecting three\u2011dimensional motion capture and medial elbow strength dynamometry to assess elbow injury risk in baseball pitchers
\nAuthors\uff1a<\/strong>Toshimasa Yanai (Waseda University), Kengo Onuma (Waseda University), Ryan Crotin (Louisiana Tech University), Daisuke Monda (Saitama Seibu Lions)
\nArticle Publication Date\uff1a<\/strong>2023
\nURL\uff1a<\/strong>https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/epdf\/10.1111\/sms.14374<\/a>
\nDOI\uff1a<\/strong> 10.1111\/sms.14374<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Research Grant<\/strong><\/p>\n

research grant \uff1aJapan Society for the Promotion of Science
\nresearch representative\uff1aToshimasa Yanai<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Abstract In baseball pitching, resultant elbow varus torque reaches the peak value of 50\u2013120 Nm, exceeding the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1443,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[87,1],"tags":[63,51],"class_list":["post-1442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-en","category-news","tag-research-en","tag-research"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1442"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1449,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1442\/revisions\/1449"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1443"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsps\/rcsports\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}