{"id":8571,"date":"2023-03-09T10:33:42","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T01:33:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsci\/wise\/?p=8571"},"modified":"2023-03-09T10:33:42","modified_gmt":"2023-03-09T01:33:42","slug":"%e5%bd%93%e3%81%9f%e3%82%8a%e5%89%8d%e3%81%ab%e5%88%a9%e7%94%a8%e3%81%95%e3%82%8c%e3%82%8b%e7%94%bb%e5%83%8f%e9%80%9a%e4%bf%a1%e6%8a%80%e8%a1%93%e3%81%a7%e7%a4%be%e4%bc%9a%e3%81%ab-2-2-2-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.waseda.jp\/fsci\/wise\/other\/2023\/03\/09\/8571\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30ab\u30fc\u30dc\u30f3\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30c8\u30e9\u30eb\u306e\u5b9f\u73fe\u306b\u5411\u3051\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u30fb\u958b\u767a\u306b\u9081\u9032 \/ Pushing Ahead with Research and Development to Achieve Carbon Neutrality\u3010\u5275\u9020\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u90e8 \u7dcf\u5408\u6a5f\u68b0\u5de5\u5b66\u79d1\u30fb\u8349\u9e7f\u4ec1\u6559\u6388\u3011"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

Research on automotive powertrains, from engines to catalysts and batteries<\/h3>\n

The use of electric vehicles is increasing against the backdrop of environmental and energy issues. The European Union (EU) has decided to ban the sale of new gasoline vehicles in 2035. It is expected that there will be a shift from gasoline-powered cars to electric cars, but Professor Jin Kusaka of the Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering, takes a different view.<\/p>\n

“When it comes to selling cars, China and other countries in Asia have seen a lot of competition, but now the focus shifts to Africa. However, I think it is quite difficult to sell electric vehicles, which are becoming increasingly expensive due to soaring resource prices.” (Professor Kusaka)<\/p>\n

Research is underway on e-fuel, a liquid fuel made from renewable energy. There are conditions whether to ban the sale of new Internal combustion engine vehicles in 2035, and the final decision will be made after examining the results of e-fuel research in 2026. Therefore, it is very probable that hybrid cars will remain, depending on what happens with e-fuel.<\/p>\n

“Engines for heavy trucks, stationary engines, and ship engines, which are all difficult to make electric, will not disappear. Of course, carbon-neutral fuels like hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol will be used, but not everything will be made electric.” (Professor Kusaka)<\/p>\n

Professor Kusaka was engaged in research on adapting methanol to diesel engines for his master’s degree. For his PhD project, he developed a prototype methanol diesel engine, theoretically analyzed the combustion elemental reaction of methanol with a computer, and clarified the combustion characteristics and the process of generating exhaust gases. Launching a laboratory in 1999, he has expanded his research into lithium-ion, batteries, fuel cells, catalysts, and various engines such as diesel, natural gas, and gasoline.<\/p>\n

“People often tell me, ‘You’re doing many things, aren’t you?\u2019 However, there is no difference between engines, batteries, and catalysts in coupling thermal fluids with chemical reactions when converting thermal energy. The key word is ‘chemical reaction.’ In an engine, fuel, and oxygen are transported to create a chemical reaction. In a lithium-ion battery, lithium ions are transported inside the battery, and a chemical reaction occurs at the electrodes. With a catalyst, substances carried to the catalyst’s surface are purified by a chemical reaction. Essentially, we are trying to understand how chemicals, heat, and flow react with each other.”<\/p>\n

Building a common foundation for vehicle development<\/h3>\n

Professor Kusaka is currently working on research using a four-axis chassis dynamometer introduced in 2020. This is the only facility at a Japanese university to reproduce actual driving conditions by rotating the four wheels independently while the car is fixed indoors. Using this system, he has been developed vehicle models that predict driving performance and emissions by modeling the characteristics of automobile engines, catalysts, batteries, motor inverters, and other aspects.<\/p>\n

“We are building vehicle models that can be used for model-based development on the SURIAWASE 2.0 platform of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. Suppose they are used by not only car manufacturers but also Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers. In that case, we can benchmark the products created in a language we understand when installed in vehicles, which is expected to improve the development capabilities and international competitiveness of Japanese companies.”<\/p>\n

In addition to existing research on new carbon-neutral fuels, such as hydrogen and ammonia, research on e-fuel began in 2021. E-fuel is also known as drop-in fuel or carbon-recycled fuel. Since it is similar to gasoline and diesel in composition, it can be mixed with gasoline or used with equipment at existing gas stations.<\/p>\n

“Research on conventional fuel engines and catalysts has shifted to new fuels such as hydrogen, ammonia, and e-fuel. Since the characteristics of combustion and exhaust gas are not yet clear, we have been conducting research on them.”<\/p>\n

Towards carbon neutrality by 2050<\/h3>\n

In addition to modeling electric vehicles using a four-axis chassis dynamometer, Professor Kusaka plans to focus on cooling circuit design and thermal control research. In research on thermal control in combination with air conditioning equipment, the advantage of using a 4-axis chassis dynamometer is that data can be obtained during actual driving.<\/p>\n

“Since we are in the mechanical engineering field, we want to increase the cruising distance by as much as 1 km by efficiently cooling the motor, increasing the regenerative energy, and using the heat from the battery for heaters. I think such research will become more popular in the future, and there has been a growing demand for it.” (Professor Kusaka)<\/p>\n

In October 2020, the Japanese government declared its goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. Meanwhile, methanol fuel, which Professor Kusaka researched as a graduate student, is attracting attention as the main fuel for marine engines.<\/p>\n

“It’s interesting that technology that once ceased is revived in line with the world’s trends. Electric vehicles are very popular worldwide, but we will continue toresearch engines and catalysts. Research on stationary and ship engines using hydrogen and ammonia is also important for 2050. For automotive catalysts, rather than aiming for zero emissions, we aim to achieve a \u201cnegative emission catalyst\u201d that makes the atmosphere cleaner and clearer. A lot of work needs to be done due to the emerging new fuels, and I am and have always been very busy.” (Professor Kusaka)<\/p>\n

Profile<\/h5>\n

Professor Jin Kusaka (Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering)<\/p>\n

Jin Kusaka received a Doctor of Engineering degree in 1997 from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University. He served as an Assistant Professor and Associate Professor before becoming a full professor in 2008 in the same Faculty. He was an Invited Professor from 2005-2006 at the Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. He received numerous awards, such as the Asahara Science Award (2001), the Outstanding Technical Paper Award (2009) from the Japan Society of Automotive Engineers (JSAE), the Technical Paper Award from the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers (SICE) in 2013 and more. He specializes in thermal energy, electromobility, and automotive propulsion system engineering.<\/p>\n

The Affiliate Society
\nThe Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan (JSAE), the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME), the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers (SICE), SAE International.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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